Semantic Interoperability in IoT: Applying RDF, OWL, and SPARQL for Unified Communication
| Vol-4 | Issue-5 | May 2019 | Published Online: 25 May 2019 PDF | ||
| Abstract | ||
| The Internet of Things (IoT) has rapidly expanded into a complex network of diverse devices, platforms, and data structures. This diversity often creates major barriers to smooth communication and unified system behavior. Among the various challenges, semantic interoperability—ensuring that different devices interpret shared data in the same way—remains one of the most critical limitations to IoT scalability and automation. This paper explores how Semantic Web technologies such as the Resource Description Framework (RDF), Web Ontology Language (OWL), and SPARQL query language can support meaningful and consistent data exchange within heterogeneous IoT environments. Drawing insights from established work including the W3C Semantic Sensor Network (SSN) ontology, Linked Data principles, and early semantic IoT middleware, the study explains how RDF structures machine-readable information, OWL enables reasoning through ontological relationships, and SPARQL performs intelligent queries across distributed datasets. Together, these technologies create a semantic layer that enhances device discovery, context awareness, automated decision-making, and multi-domain data integration—without enforcing strict uniformity in device formats. The findings show that a unified semantic framework provides a standards-based approach for developing more scalable, interoperable, and intelligent IoT systems. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| IoT; RDF; OWL; SPARQL; Unified; Communication | ||
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