Renewable energy technologies impact on environment: A Review

This article gives an idea of the impact of renewable energy technologies on the environment, aiming to explain the complex relationship between sustainable energy solutions and ecological considerations. The paper explores five key renewable energy sources - solar, wind, hydropower, bioenergy, and geothermal, providing a thorough analysis of their environmental implications. In the domain of solar energy, both photovoltaic and solar thermal technologies are scrutinized, emphasizing life cycle assessments and ecological footprints. Wind energy's onshore and offshore applications are explored, addressing wildlife impacts, noise pollution, and technological advancements. The environmental consequences of hydropower, encompassing river ecosystems and socio-economic dimensions, are thoroughly examined. Bioenergy's intricate relationship with land use change, biodiversity, and greenhouse gas emissions is investigated, emphasizing the need for sustainable practices. Lastly, geothermal energy's extraction methods, subsurface fluid management, and resources sustainability are reviewed. This review aims to contribute valuable perspectives to the ongoing discourse on the role of renewable energy in environmental sustainability.