Overview of Human In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) and Implantation

In vitro fertilization (IVF) is a method of fertilization that involves combining an egg with sperm outside of the body ("in glass"). The procedure entails measuring and inducing a woman's ovulatory cycle, as well as extracting an ovum or ova (egg or eggs) from her ovaries and allowing sperm to fertilize them in a laboratory liquid. Human embryo implantation is a three-stage process (apposition, adhesion and invasion) involving synchronized crosstalk between a receptive endometrium and a functional blastocyst. The purpose of this paper is to understand and describe the IVF process and different players of the implantation process.