India’s Public Diplomacy Instruments

This research paper examines the instruments used in India‟s public diplomacy. The paper begins with a brief backgrounder on the concept of public diplomacy. It then goes on to review existing literature on India‟s public diplomacy. The paper then examines the gamut of instruments used in India‟s public diplomacy. Using Cull‟s classification of public diplomacy instruments and adapting it to Indian conditions, this study makes a systematic examination of the instruments used in India‟s public diplomacy. The paper concludes with suggestions to improve the effectiveness of India‟s public diplomacy by designing an overarching strategy whereby the optimum mix of these instruments can be prescribed and ensured that these instruments do not work at cross purpose.