A Study of Synthesis, Charactionzation of Perovskite Material

Inorganic perovskite-type oxides are fascinating nanomaterials for wide applications in catalysis, fuel cells, and electrochemical sensing. Perovskites prepared in the nanoscale have recently received extensive attention due to their catalytic nature when used as electrode modifiers. The catalytic activity of these oxides is higher than that of many transition metals compounds and even some precious metal oxides. They exhibit attractive physical and chemical characteristics such as electronic conductivity, electrically active structure, the oxide ions mobility through the crystal lattice, variations on the content of the oxygen, thermal and chemical stability, and super‐ magnetic, photocatalytic, thermoelectric, and dielectric properties. Nanoperovskites have been utilized as catalysts in oxygen reduction and hydrogen evolution reactions exhibiting high electrocatalytic activity, lower activation energy, and high electron transfer kinetics. In addition, some perovskites are promising candidates for the development of effective anodic catalysts for direct fuel cells showing high catalytic performance. Moreover, they are recently utilized in electro‐ chemical sensing of alcohols, gases, glucose, H2O2 , and neurotransmitters. They can enhance the catalytic performance in terms of selectivity, sensitivity, unique long-term stability, excellent reproducibility, and anti-interference ability. In addition, organo‐ metallic halide perovskites exhibited efficient intrinsic properties for photovoltaic solar cells exhibiting good stability and high efficiency.