Prevalence and Trend of Measles from 21 March 2018 to 20 March 2021 in Pediatric Department Mirwais Regional Hospital Kandahar Afghanistan

Background: Objectives: To study the demographic profile and trend of measles, as well as the outcome of the measles in children who were admitted to pediatric department of Mirwais regional Hospital, Kandahar Afghanistan from the 21/3/ 2018 to 20/3/ 2021. Methodology: This retrospective case record hospital based study was conducted in Mirwais Regional hospital pediatric ward Kandahar Afghanistan The diagnosis of measles according to clinical signs and symptoms, The data of all the patients of measles who were from more than 1months to 15 years, who were admitted from measles in MRH in pediatric ward from 21 march 2018 to 20 March 2021, compiled and analyzed from the Medical Records of each case at Hospital. Information obtained from the clinical record was coded and entered into computer software. After that, we analyzed the data with SPSS version 22. 0. Results: The number of admitted patients were 44617 and the number of patients witch were diagnosed with measles are 3796, from 44617 hospitalized patients 8.5% were diagnosed with measles. 2045 (53.87%) were male and 1755 (46.12%) were female. Female and male Ration was 1.16:1. Among the measles patients age of onset was <6 months in 56(1.47%), 6-12 months in 1087(28.63%), 13-60 months in 2196(57.85%) and 61-120 months388 (10.22%) and above in 120months69(1.81%) cases which show as that majority of the measles children were in the age group between one year up to 5years old. Prevalence of measles during these three years were different and showed different percentage in 2018, 2019 and 2020 7.68%, 5.31%and 12.49% respectively. Which clearly high incidence in 2020 and with lower incidence of measles cases in 2019. case fatality among measles diagnosed children was 62(5.68%) in 2018, 35(4.3%) in 2019 and97 (5.12%) in 2020which show cleared declining in 2019 and approximately same in both 2018 and 2020. we also fined in our study more cases were in spring and winter season N=(541-147), N=(75-306) and N=(271-818) during  2018,2019 and 2020 respectively.

Conclusion: The prevalence and case fatality of measles was higher in form one year to 5year of age. Although boys were more affected from measles than girls, Majority of measles cases developed in urban area than rural in 2020 than 2018 and 2019.