Water Quality Assessment in Terms of Water Quality Index (WQI) Using GIS in Lower Bhavani River basin, Tamilnadu, India

The wealth of a nation relies on the sensible utilization of water resource. Hence, it can be affirmed as primary wealth of a nation, which flows in rivers are streams and stored in groundwater most reliable source of water. India faces threats with declining freshwater possessions and severe scarcity of drinkable water with acceptable quality. Hence an attempt has been made in this study to evaluate the groundwater hydrogeochemistry of Lower Bhavani River Basin, Tamil Nadu, India, which is a major source for drinking and irrigation in this region. Groundwater samples collected from 55 open and bore wells spread over the basin. The water quality indices (WQI) of Water is found from the values of pH, EC, TDS, Magnesium and Calcium, Chlorides, Sulphates, Phosphate, Carbonates, Bi-carbonates. Spatial Distribution Maps are generated for WQI for both post monsoon and summer periods. The analysis of the physio-chemical properties and the WQI exhibits that the categorize water samples from Lower Bhavani River basin are excellent to good for drinking purposes. The generated spatial distribution map for WQI for both season of the study area exhibits > 97% of the area are of good WQI and 2 to 3% are of excellent WQI. Only one region with poor category of WQI is noticed during the postmonsoon season.